Basic of Multimedia: Questions and Answers?

01. What is multimedia?

Multimedia can be defined as the technology engaging a variety of media including text, audio, video, graphics and animation, either separately or in combination, using computers, to communicate ideas or to disseminate information.

02. What are the classifications of multimedia?

There are two types of multimedia, these are

Interactive: A multimedia application, which allows the user to interact with the ongoing procedure, ends some way or other.

Non-Interactive: A multimedia application, which does not allow the user to interact with the ongoing procedure, ends some way or other.

03. What are tools of setting a multimedia?

# Display Adaptor Card. 

# Sound Card

# CD Controller Card

# Graphics Accelerator Card   

# MIDI Interface Card  

# Wave Synthesis Card 

# VGA TV Adaptor Card.

04. What are the typical Multimedia system configurations?

Processor: Minimum, an Intel Pentium 133 MHz microprocessor.

Display: Minimum, a 14" color monitor with 256+ colors at 640*480 resolutions.

RAM: Minimum 16 MB, 32 MB is highly recommended and 64 MB or more would be ideal.

Hard Disk: Minimum, 1.2 GB.

CD ROM Drive: Minimum a ten speed with data transfer rate 1500 KB/second.

Sound Card: Minimum, a 16 Bits Card with 8 nodal.

05. What is Digitization?

Digitization is the process of converting information from Analog to digital format.

06. What is the Analog and Digital Signal?

Analog Signal is continuously varying signals, used to record some media signals (recorded by wave signals.)

Digital Signal is Signal constructed solely using Zeroes and Ones, which the computers can understand and handle.

07. What is Sampling Rate and Sampling Size?

Sampling Rate is the time interval taken between two samples of the original signal analog data, during digitizing process.

Sampling Size is the number of computer Zeroes and Ones (Bits) required to represent a given signal in digital form.

08. What is Audio Sampling Rate and Audio Sampling Size?

Audio Sampling Rate: It is the rate at which sound samples are recorded from the incoming analog audio source, in cycle per second.

Audio Sampling Size: It is the number of zeros and ones used to record the incoming analog signal, in bits data.

9. What are needed to record any thing in computer?

# Sound Card  

# Advanced Audio Program

# Creative CD

# Creative Wave

# Creative MIDI

# Creative Remote

# Creative Mixer

# Sound OLE (Object Link Embedded)

# AWE control penal

# Wave Studio.

10. What is Audio Editing Terminology?

Trimming: Every recording is usually associated with a blank space for a few seconds before and/or after the required sound. The process of removal these blank spaces are called trimming.

Splicing: Splicing process refers to removal of unwanted sounds that have crept in, during the recording.

Reassembling: This is the process of assembling several stray pieces of audio together to make up signal file. This process, accomplished by cutting, copying and pasting sound clips is called reassembling.

Volume control: Increasing and decreasing the volume of either portions or whole of the recorded audio clips is called Volume Control.

Time Stretching: This is the process of matching time with the sound source, to the particular time slot.

Fade in and Fade out: This is the process of smoothing out the beginning and the end of audio file, for gradual transition effects.

Re sampling: This is the process of reducing the sound quality from 32 bits to 16 bits and from 16 bits to 8 bits.

11. What is MIDI?

Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) is an electronic musical instrument industry specification that enables a wide variety of digital musical instruments, computers and other related devices to connect and communicate seamlessly with one another.

12. What is the Base Level MIDI and Extended MIDI Devices?

Base Level MIDI Devices that are capable of playing back at least three melodic instrument tracks (with at least six note polyphony) and percussion track (with at least three note polyphony).

Extended Level MIDI Devices that are capable of playing back at least nine melodic instrument tracks (with at least sixteen note polyphony) and a percussion track (with at least sixteen note polyphony).

13. What is the feature of browser?

# Standards support

# Non-standard extensions

# Usability and accessibility

# Cache

# Group Policy

14. What is the function of browser?

Stop button, home button, back button, forward button, refresh button, search, bookmarks and history.

15. Name some audio video and animation software

Audacity, Wavosaur,  Kristal Audio Engine

Corel VideoStudio Pro - Adobe Premiere Elements, Ulead,

16. Format of audio video file.

Audio: MP3, WMA, AMR, AAC, REAL AUDIO.

Video: AVI, MPG, MP4, DAT, REAL Video, WMV.

17. What is video resolution?

It is usually quoted as width × height, with the units in pixels: for example, "1024 × 768" means the width is 1024 pixels and the height is 768 pixels.

18. What is the Special effect adding to audio file?

# Reverse

# add echo

# Invert wave form

# Fade in and fade out

# Modifying frequency

# Converting Format

# Amplifying volume

# Rap

# Insert silence

# Force to silence

# swap channel

# Pan left to right or right to left

# Phase shift

19. What do you mean by font and fonts family?

Fonts can defined as a collection of alphabetical and numeric characters of similar or comparable profile and which belong to a particular typeface family that’s represented by a unique family name.

20. How much type of font families?

Fonts are two types-

# True type font

# Postscript font

21. What are multiple facts of multimedia?

A combination of these, are generally engaged in all multimedia projects:

Audio: Audio is sound within the acoustic range available to humans. An audio frequency (AF) is an electrical alternating current within the 20 to 20,000 hertz (cycles per second) range that can be used to produce acoustic sound.

Text: Text is a vital element of multimedia presentations. By which computers can display a variety of fonts.

Graphics: Graphics is pictures photographic images and other art works.

Animation: Animation is the artificial movement of art works.

Video: Video is the technology of electronically capturing, recording, processing, storing, transmitting, and reconstructing a sequence of still images representing scenes in motion.

22. What is edutainment?

Edutainment is methodology of teaching academic curriculums, in an interesting and entertaining manner.

23. What is frequency?

The rate at which something occurs or is repeated over a particular period of time or in a given sample.

In other word frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time.

24. What is audio frequency?

An audio frequency (AF) is an electrical alternating current within the 20 to 20,000 hertz (cycles per second) range that can be used to produce acoustic sound.

25. What are the reasons for Audio Editing?

# To remove blank spaces of audio files.

# To remove unwanted sounds

# To reassemble several stray pieces of audio together to make up signal file.

# To control Volume (Increasing and decreasing).

# To match time with the sound source.

# To smooth out the beginning and the end of audio file

# To reduce the sound quality.

26. Categories of multimedia software

Auditing- Used for Audio editing.

Adobe Photoshop-Used for photo editing purpose

3d studio Max-It is the animation and special effect software

Autodesk Maya-Best special effect software’s used in film.

Real flow-All liquid manipulation you can do, it's used in commercials.

Ulead media studio pro, adobe premiere-these software’s used for video editing.

27. Define hypermedia, hyperlink and hypertext.

Hypermedia: A well define structural arrangement of information in the form of audio, video, text, animation and graphics-pertaining to a particular topic, with relevant linkages in between them.

Hyperlink: The linkages that exists between different forms of information in a hypermedia system.

Hypertext: Text base information, interlinked by means of relevant hyperlinks between various sub topics.

28. What are Raster and Vector images?

Raster images: The technique of dividing the entire image area into pixels, and recording the image data as colors to be displayed on specific dots etc.

Vector images: The technique of storing the lines, arcs and curves that make of the ultimate image and store them as a group of such elements.

29 What is plug-ins?

Programs developed by third party developers, to extend the functionalities of a specific software package.

30. What is resolution?

Resolution is the total number of logical pixels, in terms of rows and columns, supported by the display system.

31. What is device driver software?

Every media type demands own set of hardware and/or software peripherals for being handheld by the computer. Those media which demand only software interface rely extensively on these Device Drivers.

32. Describe two and three dimensional Animation.

Two dimensional Animations: Animation sequence created in two dimensional planes.

Three dimensional Animations: Animation created in three dimensional environments.

33. How many conventional broadcast television systems and define them?

There are mainly three conventional broadcast television systems-

NTSC (National Television Systems Committee)

Developed in the U.S. and used in North and South America, Japan

A picture consists of 525 lines and frame rate is approximately 30Hz

SECAM (SEquential Couleur Avec Memoire) is a standard used in France and Eastern Europe

A picture consists of 625 lines and frame rate is 25Hz

PAL (Phase Alternating Line) is used in most part of Western Europe, most part of Asia (including China and Hong Kong) and other countries.

A picture consists of 625 lines and frame rate is 25Hz

All current television broadcasting system are analog in nature.

34. Mention the picture width, horizontal resolution.

The picture width, horizontal resolution and the total detail content of the image can be calculated-

System	Total Lines	Active Lines	Vertical Resolution	Horizontal Resolution	Total Pixels
NTSC	525	484	242	330	106,000
PAL	625	575	290	425	165,000
SECAM	625	575	290	465	180,000

35. What is computer typical screen regulation?

Compare to computer screens: typical resolution of 640*480, even up to 1024* 768

36. Why do we need to capture or digitize?

We need to capture or digitize video for playing back on computers or integrating into multimedia

Applications

37. What is the Hardware required to capture video?

# Video sources: TV, VCR, Laserdisc player, Camcorder

# Video capture card

# Storage space: large hard disk

38. Mention the different video capture cards on the market.

The common features in these cards are:

Can accept composite video or S-VHS in NTSC or PAL;

High-end capture cards can accept digital video (DV)

Video input mixer and ADC-to select/combine video sources, to convert analog video signal to digital samples.

Video frame buffer-temporary storage for video frame.

Video processor- to filter or enhance the video frame.

Compressor/encoder- to compress and encode the digital video into a required format.

39.Calculation PAL TV at 25 frames per second, if we sample at 352 x 288 with 16 bits per pixel, what is the raw video size is?

352 x 288 x 16 x 25 = 40.55Mbit/s = 5Mbytes/s